Sterilizer and pasteurizer.



N0.82v,396. lPATENNJD JULY 31, 1906.4

s.. G. SCANLAN.

STBRILIZER AND PS-TURZER. APrLIomjIo'N vFILED oo T. a9, v1905.

THE Nomus PETERS ca.. wAsmNarvN. D. c,

PATBNTED JULY 31,;1906.`

S.. G.lsoANL'AN. STERILIZER AND PASTEURIZER,

APPLICATION FILED O0T.30, 1905. 4

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2,

TH: NoRRIs PErsRs cu., wasumofau, a. c;

shall be treated.

or pasteurized use in connection withthe ordinary omestic 4UNITED e sTATnsf l PATENT ormoni i SAM GwrN SCAN-LAN, o

FMAnrsoN, Wisconsin.-

STERInIZER AND PAsTEuRlzl-:m I

ful Improvement vin Sterilizers and Pasteurizers, of which My invention relates to means for sterilizing or pasteurizing milk and other liquids; y' and the general object of the invention is to provide an apparatus adapted for domestic use byvmeans of which milk may be sterilized in any desired units of quantity andI at any desired temperature.

Moreespecially, the objects of the rinvention are i First, to .provide a receptacle ada ted forv the following is a specificateakettle. f

Second, to provide a receptacle so constructedv as to afford control of the temperature at which the contents of the receptacle This -is accomplished in genera-l by providing vent-apertures in the lower portion of the walls of the outer receptacle and a door at the upper portion of the receptacle for regulating the escape of steam.

Third, toprovide means yfor supplying heat at the bottom and top of the receptacle simultaneously. l

Fourth, to provide a bottle-holder wherethe bottles maybe lowered simultaneously into the receptacle or be simultaneously withdrawn therefrom.

Fifth, to lso construct the bottle-holder that it will act as a spreader vfor distributing the .steam to the different .parts of the receptacle. l

It is also an object to provide certain imroveddetails, which will be hereinafter more llyset forth'. l

I obtain'these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichi Figure 1 isa side view,

partlylin section, showing the sterilizer plied to the ordinary I-etters Patent.

30. 1905; Serial No. 285,044.

6 6, Fig.- taken on line 7 7, Fig. 2 and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the bottle-holder. y

v Similar letters refer to s'milar parts throughout the several views The outer receptacle a, the bod- 4ofthe apparatus is referably cylindrica in form and provide with -ears or handles a', whereby it may be transported. Said receptacle is provided with fa lcover jb, which makes, preferably, l-air-tight' `connection therewith and :has an aperture -b therein.v At said aperture a door or cover vc is so located'as lto control the .escape `of steam or hot vapor froml the receptacle, In the preferredconstruction said door is pivoted tol the cover b at the point c', located at the side of saidaperture, and as aresult of thisconstruction the effectual opening through the aperture t maA be regulated by varying the position of sai door about its pivot.

In the sides of the receptacle a at a point near the bottom thereof is arranged a series of vent-apertures a2, through which steam or vapor 'may pass into and out ofthereceptacle in the manner hereinafter described, ,A

Extending downward from-the body of the is o such diameter as to be readily received within the top opening d of a boiler d. In Fig. 1 this boiler is shown to consist ofan lordir-lary domestic tea-kettle', and by'making the diameter Aof said ortion a3: equal to about two and one-half inc es I find that it will enter all ordinary boilers of this kind.

ers vof larger sizes, I provide an annular flange a* upon the yextension a3 ata pointbetween the upper and lower extremity thereof,which flange extendsY beyond the .rim of the kettleopening d and permits the receptacle to rest upon the tea-kettle. flange:y intermediate of the `cxtrernities of eX- tension (L3 a portion of saideX-tension is permitted to enter into the kettle itself, and thereby tend to kee4 the rece tacle centered with 4respect to the ettle, lan the lowerexa domestic tea-kettle.y Fpig. 2 is similar to Fig. 1, except that the. sterilizing-receptacle 1s shown in positionupon a boiler or vaporizer specially constructed for use with the sterililizer, showing the top izer. Figs. 3 and 4 are plan views of the sterdoors in closed and open positions, respectively; Fig. 5 is a plan sectional view taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 1. F'g.. l6 is a plan sectional view taken on line tremity of thereceptacle-body is held in a position sufficiently elevatedail-ears d2 of the kettle. In flange a? ears,- it is sometimes necessary to'turn up a portion of the flange adjacent to the ears, as illustrated inFigs.: l, 5, 6,7and` 7 By thus turning upa portion of the flange the flange acts as Ala centering-piece rece tacle o is a cylindrical portion aia, which By, thus' placing said to clear` the'aio5 order that the may n ot interfere with lsaid bailrammed .-ruiy 31, 190e.y

1. Fig, is a plan sectional view which constitutes i To adaptmy improved apparatus to boil- IOO to prevent lateral 4 connects with the movement of the rece tacle upon the kettle In order to facilitate Vhe upturning cfa portion of the flange a4, it is sometimes desirable to score or indent said iiange inparallel lines in the manner shown at a5, Fig. 7.

FVVater-boilers other than tea-kettles may be employed, however, andinl a boiler D, which having a top D consists merely of a vessel for supporting the flange a4, saidtopbeing apertured 'for receiving the lower extremity of cylindrical ortion a3 of receptacle a. Said cylindrica portion (1,3 interior of receptacle a at the lower portion thereof, and in the present preferred design there is a false or inner bottom a6, located Within the vessel a slight distance above the outer bottom a7, thereby forming a chamber A between them. This false or inner bottom a extends across and is coextensive with receptacle a except at one side, where there is a duct e, leading from the chamber A to a point near the top of the in- I terior of said receptacle. Duct e is not positively essential to the o ratus,-nor is it essentia that one duct only should be employed; but such ducts (or one of them) are advantageous in that means is eration of the appathereby afforded forvconveying steam immetacle.

. may enter directly into the diately to the to of the receptacle from the boiler, and there y convey vapor to the top of the receptacle at as high a tem erature as the vapor entering the bottom ofp the recep- It is desirable that the plate a be imperforate except at its center, where there is located an aperture a8, through which steam ower portion of receptacle a.

VThe urpose for which this apparatus is primari y intended is the sterilization or pasteurization of milk, which under ordinary circumstances will be contained Within bottlesf. (Indicated in dotted lines, Fig.' l, and

l platform g does not rest direct -1 i cross sectional in dotted lines'7 Fig..8.) For raising and lowering the bottles into and out of the rece tacle a a holder isprovided, which in its est form consists of the platform y, having a handle g and aset of cu s or sockets g2 for receiving the bottles andJ holding them securely in` position upon the holder.

In order that a passage may be afforded for the steam entering throu h aperture a8,

Y y upon the innerl bottom a6, but is elevated a slight distance therefrom, preferably by means of the 'legs gformed upon the platform g. The dimensions of platform g are smaller than the dimensions of. receptacle a, and consequently there is afforded a passage for steam around the outer edge of said platform, so that steam entering aperture as 1s spread'bymeans of platform g and perace between the legs g3 and up and throught e space between vthe periphery of platform 4g and the inner sur- I Fig. 2 is shown face of receptacle a. here shown platform single piece of sheet formed by blankin In the preferred design g is constructed of a metal, with the legs out the same and subsequently `turning t iem down at right angles in the manner best shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 8.

In operation the bottle-holder with the bottles therein is lowered into receptacle a,

the cover b is adjusted, and the receptacle a is placed upon a kettle d or special boiler D,

as the case may be. In the case of the kettle if the a paratus is being used for the first time an the edges of fiange a4 interfere with the bail-ears d2 a necessary portion of said flange is bent upward to permit the remaining portion of the iiange to come down and rest fairly upon the top of the kettle. When heat is applied to the boilers d or D, the

'steam which is generated passes off through the cylindrical portion a3 and enters chamber A in the lower portion of the receptacle.

Part of the steam thus entering will pass up through duct e to the top of the receptacle,

where it will heat the upper portions of the bottles f. AAnother part of the steam will ass up through aperture a8 in the inner or false bottom a and will be spread by the platform g of the bottle-holder to the eriphery of the receptacle. The steam will thence pass off around the edges of said platform and enter the bottom of the receptacle where the bottles are contained. The temperature at which treatment Will take place will now depend upon the position of door c.

As steam leaves the boiler al or D it will of course be at or near 212 Fahrenheit, it having little opportunity to lose heat before entering receptacle orl and, on the other hand, having no tendency to ac uire a greater temperature than that of boi ing water, for the reason that the steam will at no time attain a pressure much if any higher than that of the surrounding atmosphere. It may be said, therefore, that under ordinary circumstances the steam or vapor entering receptacle a will be approximately 212. It is well known, however, to those skilled in such matters that milk subjected to a temperature of 212 for any considerable period becomes to a certain extent unfit for the use of young infants. For infants use it is preferable that the milk be not raised above a temperature ranging from 150 to 175Fahrenheit. When treated at this temperature, milk will be rendered safe for the use of infants without being cooked or changing its food qualities in 'any way so as to be harmful. This treatment. which is frequently known as pasteurizing, may be accomplished by the use of this apparatus by throwing door c to open position; `By this means steam or water-vapor at nearly the temperature of steam passes quickly out of receptacle a, the time of contact with the milk-bottles being thereby reduced and in additionv the upward draft pro- IOO IIO

Y receptacle is reduced by reason of the adif desired, be introduced of the bottle to bacteria. which might be 1n 3. In a sterilizer the. combination of a covered receptacle, a liquid containing vessel adapted to be loosely received therein, means for supplying steam to the bottom of the vessel, means in the upper portion of said receptacle for regulating the escape of steam, said receptacle having a series of apertures distributed around the sides thereof in the 7o duced lby the passage of the steam causing outside air to be drawn into receptacle a, through the apertures a2 therein. Thus by opening the doorc wide the time ofcontact of the steam with the bottles is reduced, and also the temperature of the gas within the mixture of the cooled outside air. If, howl ever, it is desired to subject ythe milk to a temperature of 205 or thereabout, at which temperature it will become more thoroughly sterilized without suffering the deteriorating effects of boiling, the cover c is closed and the steam instead of esca ing rapidly into the atmosphere is retaine within the receptacle until the same is illed with steam and the latter is finally forced outward through the apertures a2, which in the case of a closed boiler D acts somewhat -in the nature of a safety-valve to prevent the accumulation of steam-pressure within the receptacle. By keeping the door c tightly shut the temperature within may be maintained at 110, and by varying the osition of the door the temperature may e regulated to any desired point below that of boiling water. When the milk has been treated-for a sufficient length of time, the cover b may be removed and the bottle-holder g with the bottles therein may be removed by simply lifting them out with the assistance of handle g. By the use of a bottle-holder of this type fresh bottles may, into theV receptacle for treatment without removing the receptacle from the boiler, or the bottles may be laid away to cool without removing them from the bottle-holder. By providing a bottle-holder adapted to receive, for example, six bottles there may be treated at a single time enough m'lk for use at six`dierent times without the necessity of uncorking any of the bottles, except the one to be used, which uncorking would subject the contents from the steam-supply to a point within sai receptacle near the top thereof'.

4. In a sterilizer the combination of a covered receptacle, a liquid-containing vessel adapted to be loosely received therein, means for supplying steam to the bottom of the vessel, means-in the upper portion of said receptacle for regulating the escape of steam, said receptacle having a series of apertures dis- 8o tributed around he sides thereof in the lower portionthereof, bottles, and a bottlel holder comprising a platform and handle aff fixed thereto, said platform bein almost coextensive Vwith the receptacleottom and located beneath said' series of apertures in said receptacle whereby the incoming air en,-l ters above said holder-platform.

5. In-a sterilizer the combination of a covered receptacle, mately in the middle of its bottomfor rece1ving the steam, means for supplying steam to said aperture in the bottom of the receptacle, bottles, a bottle-holder comprising a platform and handle afiixed thereto, said plat- 95 form being almost coextensive with the re ceptacle-bottom but leaving a space between its edges and the receptac e sides and said platform being slightly raised from the re -ceptacle-bottom, whereby said holder-platroo form acts as a distributer for the entering steam, and means at the top of the said covered receptacle for regulating the escape of steam, said receptacle having a series of a ertures distributed around its sides in t e lower portion thereof for admitting cooling air thereinto from the outside.

' 6. A sterilizer consisting of a covered receptacle having an aperture in the bottom sus `ension in the air.

at I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a sterilizer the combination of acoveredreceptacle, means for supplying steam to the bottom thereof, means for regulatin the escape of steam at'the top, and a latera vent in the lower portion`"of said receptacle, above the steam-supplying means.

2. In a sterilizer the combination of a cov-` ered receptacle, a liquid-containing vessel adapted to be loosely received therein, means said receptacle having apertures distributed circumferentially in its sides near'the bottom thereof; and said receptaclel having an escape-aperture in the top, yand a door for said steam.

In witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witfor supplying steam to the bottom of the vesnesses.

sel, means in the upper portion of said recep- SAM GWYN SCANLAN. tacle for regulating the escape of steam, and A a series of apertures distributed aroundthe Witnesses:

sides of the receptacle in the lower portion ALFRED LITTAUER,

thereof. HowARn M. Cox.

lower portion thereof, and a duct leading. A I

having an aperture approxi- 9o l i through which sterilizing-vapor may enter, 1ro

escape-aperture for controlling vthe escape of 

